Residual aortic regurgitation - severity breakdown

Any vs none, mild-only, moderate vs none/mild · combined / valvular / paravalvular.

Grading: none / mild / moderate (no severe/grade-3 cases in this cohort). Moderate, combined: 6 patients, 3 deaths.

Combined (valvular OR paravalvular, whichever is higher)

Grade	N	Deaths	Raw mortality	Median follow-up
None (0)	160	47	29.4%	22.0 mo
Mild (1)	63	31	49.2%	28.9 mo
Moderate (2)	6	3	50.0%	68.3 mo

Comparison	N	Events	β (SE)	Cox HR (95% CI)	Cox p	Log-rank p	Result
Ordinal, continuous (per grade, 0-2)	229	81	0.202 (0.174)	1.22 (0.87–1.72)	0.2459	–	Not significant
Any AR (grade ≥1) vs none	229	81	0.427 (0.227)	1.53 (0.98–2.39)	0.0598	0.0579	Borderline
Mild AR only (grade 1) vs none	223	78	0.538 (0.235)	1.71 (1.08–2.71)	0.0222	0.0207	Significant
Moderate AR (grade 2) vs none/mild	229	81	-0.482 (0.591)	0.62 (0.19–1.97)	0.4149	0.4105	Not significant

Any AR (grade ≥1) vs none

Mild AR only (grade 1) vs none

Moderate AR (grade 2) vs none/mild

Grade	N	Deaths	Raw mortality	Median follow-up
None (0)	220	75	34.1%	25.0 mo
Mild (1)	7	5	71.4%	21.6 mo
Moderate (2)	2	1	50.0%	80.8 mo

Comparison	N	Events	β (SE)	Cox HR (95% CI)	Cox p	Log-rank p	Result
Ordinal, continuous (per grade, 0-2)	229	81	0.094 (0.296)	1.10 (0.61–1.96)	0.7508	–	Not significant
Any AR (grade ≥1) vs none	229	81	0.491 (0.427)	1.63 (0.71–3.78)	0.2510	0.2464	Not significant
Mild AR only (grade 1) vs none	227	80	1.186 (0.469)	3.27 (1.31–8.21)	0.0114	0.0074	Significant
Moderate AR (grade 2) vs none/mild	229	81	-0.820 (1.013)	0.44 (0.06–3.21)	0.4181	0.4052	Not significant

Any AR (grade ≥1) vs none

Mild AR only (grade 1) vs none

Grade	N	Deaths	Raw mortality	Median follow-up
None (0)	168	52	31.0%	22.0 mo
Mild (1)	57	27	47.4%	30.6 mo
Moderate (2)	4	2	50.0%	68.3 mo

Comparison	N	Events	β (SE)	Cox HR (95% CI)	Cox p	Log-rank p	Result
Ordinal, continuous (per grade, 0-2)	229	81	0.182 (0.197)	1.20 (0.82–1.77)	0.3552	–	Not significant
Any AR (grade ≥1) vs none	229	81	0.280 (0.233)	1.32 (0.84–2.09)	0.2292	0.2277	Not significant
Mild AR only (grade 1) vs none	225	79	0.317 (0.239)	1.37 (0.86–2.19)	0.1839	0.1822	Not significant
Moderate AR (grade 2) vs none/mild	229	81	-0.242 (0.719)	0.79 (0.19–3.21)	0.7367	0.7361	Not significant

Any AR (grade ≥1) vs none

Mild AR only (grade 1) vs none

Early = administratively censored at landmark. Late = restricted to patients at risk at landmark, clock reset to 0.

Landmark	Early Cox p	Early log-rank p	N at risk (late)	Late Cox HR (95% CI)	Late Cox p	Late log-rank p
12 mo	0.4416	0.4379	161	1.88 (1.15–3.09)	0.0124	0.0110
24 mo	0.5482	0.5475	123	1.78 (1.00–3.17)	0.0501	0.0472
36 mo	0.5341	0.5335	86	2.01 (1.05–3.84)	0.0344	0.0311

Landmark	Early Cox p	Early log-rank p	N at risk (late)	Late Cox HR (95% CI)	Late Cox p	Late log-rank p
12 mo	0.5515	0.5496	161	2.15 (1.28–3.60)	0.0037	0.0030
24 mo	0.3597	0.3576	123	2.02 (1.10–3.72)	0.0237	0.0212
36 mo	0.3065	0.3045	86	2.29 (1.15–4.58)	0.0185	0.0156

Mechanism	Comparison	HR (95% CI)	Cox p	Log-rank p
Combined	Ordinal, continuous (per grade, 0-2)	1.22 (0.87–1.72)	0.2459	–
Combined	Any AR (grade ≥1) vs none	1.53 (0.98–2.39)	0.0598	0.0579
Combined	Mild AR only (grade 1) vs none	1.71 (1.08–2.71)	0.0222	0.0207
Combined	Moderate AR (grade 2) vs none/mild	0.62 (0.19–1.97)	0.4149	0.4105
Valvular AR only	Ordinal, continuous (per grade, 0-2)	1.10 (0.61–1.96)	0.7508	–
Valvular AR only	Any AR (grade ≥1) vs none	1.63 (0.71–3.78)	0.2510	0.2464
Valvular AR only	Mild AR only (grade 1) vs none	3.27 (1.31–8.21)	0.0114	0.0074
Valvular AR only	Moderate AR (grade 2) vs none/mild	0.44 (0.06–3.21)	0.4181	0.4052
Paravalvular AR only	Ordinal, continuous (per grade, 0-2)	1.20 (0.82–1.77)	0.3552	–
Paravalvular AR only	Any AR (grade ≥1) vs none	1.32 (0.84–2.09)	0.2292	0.2277
Paravalvular AR only	Mild AR only (grade 1) vs none	1.37 (0.86–2.19)	0.1839	0.1822
Paravalvular AR only	Moderate AR (grade 2) vs none/mild	0.79 (0.19–3.21)	0.7367	0.7361